C36000 Description

C36000 Free Cutting Brass is a high-performance copper-zinc alloy engineered specifically for superior machinability. Containing 2.5-3.0% lead for enhanced cutting characteristics, this alloy delivers exceptional chip control, extended tool life, and superior surface finishes. With a machinability rating of 100% (industry standard), C36000 enables high-speed production of precision components while maintaining excellent mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance.

Quick Specifications

ИмуществоФормование и изгибИмуществоФормование и изгиб
Обозначение сплаваC36000 (Alloy 360)высокая проводимость100% (Standard)
Copper Content60.0-63.0%Lead Content2.5-3.0%
Предел прочности338-485 MPaЭлектрическая проводимость26% IACS
Формование и изгиб115 W/m·KПлотность8.49 g/cm³

Категория:

C36000 Free Cutting Brass – Technical Product Introduction

Product Overview

C36000 Free Cutting Brass, also known as Alloy 360 or Free Machining Brass, is a copper-zinc alloy specifically engineered for exceptional machinability. This alloy incorporates controlled amounts of lead to significantly enhance cutting characteristics, making it the industry standard for high-speed machining operations and precision component manufacturing.

Key Technical Features

ОсобенностьТехнические характеристикиTechnical Advantage
высокая проводимость100% (industry standard)Fastest cutting speeds, best chip control
Lead Content2.5-3.0%Optimal chip breaking and tool lubrication
Surface Finish CapabilityRa 0.4-0.8 μmMinimal secondary finishing required
Формование и изгиб115 W/m·KExcellent heat dissipation during machining
Электрическая проводимость26% IACSSuitable for electrical applications
Устойчивость к коррозииGood in atmospheric conditionsLong-term durability in most environments

Химический состав

Standard Chemical Composition (ASTM B16)

ЭлементСодержание (%)ФункцияTypical Analysis
Медь60.0-63.0Base metal for strength and conductivity61,5
Цинк (Zn)который представляет собой продукт из высококачественного алюминиевого сплава, изготовленный путем термообработки и предварительного растяжения.Strength enhancement and cost optimization35.5
Свинец (Pb)2.5-3.0Machinability enhancement and chip control2,8
Железо (Fe)≤0,35Controlled impurity0.15
Никель (Ni)≤0,5Minor alloying element00,25
Алюминий (Al)≤0,05Раскислитель00,02
Другие элементы≤0.5 totalControlled impurities-

Compositional Comparison with Related Alloys

СплавМедь (%)Zn (%)Pb (%)Primary Characteristic
C3600060.0-63.0Рем2.5-3.0Excellent machinability
C2600068.5-71.5Рем-High ductility
C3850056.0-59.0Рем2,5-3,5Архитектурные приложения
C4640059.0-62.0Рем-Naval brass
C3530060.0-63.0Рем1.5-2.5Medium lead content

Механические свойства

Mechanical Properties by Temper Condition

Temper DesignationПрочность на растяжение (МПа)Предел текучести (МПа)Удлинение (%)Hardness (Rb)Reduction of Area (%)
O61 (Annealed)338-380124-14045-5350-6055-65
H01 (1/4 Hard)370-415140-31025-3562-7545-55
H02 (1/2 Hard)415-450165-34520-3075-8535-45
H04 (Full Hard)450-485180-38015-2580-9025-35

Fatigue and Impact Properties

ИмуществоФормование и изгибTest ConditionСтандарт
Предел выносливости140-160 MPa10⁸ cycles, rotating beamASTM D7791
Воздействие сила35-45 JCharpy V-notch, room temperatureАСТМ Е23
Fracture Toughness45-55 MPa√mPlane strain conditionsASTM E399
Endurance Limit130-150 MPaFully reversed loadingASTM D7791

Физические свойства

Thermal and Electrical Properties

ИмуществоФормование и изгибЕд. измТемпература (°С)Метод испытания
Плотность8.49г / см³20ASTM B311
Melting Point (Solidus)885° C-DSC Analysis
Melting Point (Liquidus)900° C-DSC Analysis
Формование и изгиб115W/m · k20ASTM E1461
Формование и изгиб125W/m · k100ASTM E1461
Электрическая проводимость26% IACS20ASTM B193
Удельное электрическое сопротивление0.066O2 Холоднокатаная штамповая сталь Описание20ASTM B193

Thermal Expansion and Modulus Properties

ИмуществоФормование и изгибЕд. измДиапазон температурСтандарт
Coefficient of Linear Expansion20,5μm/m·°C20-100°СASTM E831
Coefficient of Linear Expansion21,0μm/m·°C20-200°СASTM E831
Модуль упругости97ГПа20°СASTM E111
Модуль сдвига37ГПа20°СASTM E143
Коэффициент Пуассона0.34-20°СASTM E132
Удельная теплоемкость377J/kg·K20°СASTM E1269

Machinability Characteristics

Optimal Machining Parameters

ОперацияSpeed (m/min)Скорость корма (мм/rev)Глубина разреза (мм)Tool GeometrySurface Finish (Ra μm)
Turning – Roughing150-30000,25-0,502,0-5,0CNMG, DNMG1.6-3.2
Turning – Finishing200-4000.05-0.200.5-2.0CNMG, VCMT0.4-0,8
Face Milling100-2000.10-0.301.0-3.0Face mill insert0.8-1.6
End Milling80-15000,08-0,201,0-2,0Carbide end mill0.8-1.6
Drilling (HSS)30-600.10-0.30-118° point angle1.6-3.2
Drilling (Carbide)60-12000,15-0,35-130° point angle1.6-3.2
Reaming15-300.20-0,500.1-0.3Straight flute0.4-0,8
Threading20-40Pitch dependent-60° threading tool1.6-3.2

Tool Life and Machining Performance

Cutting Tool MaterialRelative Tool LifeRecommended ApplicationCutting Speed Range
High-Speed Steel (HSS)100% (baseline)General machining, drilling, tapping30-100 m/min
Uncoated Carbide200-300%High-speed turning, milling100-300 m/min
TiN Coated Carbide300-400%Extended tool life applications150-400 m/min
TiAlN Coated Carbide350-450%Высокоскоростная отделка200-500 m/min
CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride)500-800%Ultra-high-speed machining300-800 m/min

Chip Formation and Control

Machining OperationChip TypeChip Control RatingRecommended BreakTool Wear Pattern
Формование и изгибShort, broken chipsПревосходноChip breaker geometryUniform flank wear
ФрезерованиеSmall segmentsОчень хорошийPositive rake angleCorner wear
высокая проводимостьRibbon chipsХорошийProper point geometryFlank wear on margins
ThreadingFine chipsПревосходноSharp cutting edgeMinimal wear

Applications and Uses

Primary Application Categories

Промышленный секторComponent ExamplesPerformance RequirementsMaterial Benefits
Автомобильная промышленностьFuel system fittings, brake line fittings, electrical terminalsPrecision, pressure resistance, corrosion resistanceEasy machining, tight tolerances achievable
Электрика/ЭлектроникаConnectors, terminals, switch components, grounding screwsElectrical conductivity, precision, reliabilityGood conductivity, excellent machinability
Plumbing/HVACPipe fittings, valve components, compression fittingsPressure rating, corrosion resistance, reliabilityCost-effective, good sealing properties
Промышленное оборудованиеGears, bushings, bearings, mechanical fastenersWear resistance, dimensional stability, strengthSelf-lubricating lead content
Морское оборудованиеNon-critical fasteners, decorative hardwareCorrosion resistance in freshwater environmentsGood atmospheric corrosion resistance
Музыкальные инструментыValve assemblies, slides, mechanical componentsSmooth operation, precision, durabilityExcellent surface finish capability

Specific Component Applications

Component TypeTypical Size RangeКритические требованияManufacturing Process
NPT Threaded Fittings1/8″ to 4″ pipe sizeThread accuracy, pressure sealingCNC turning, thread cutting
Electrical Terminals2mm to 50mm widthConductivity, crimp retentionStamping, CNC machining
Valve Bodies1/4″ to 6″ port sizePressure rating, leak-proofCNC machining, drilling
Gear Components10mm to 300mm diameterTooth accuracy, wear resistanceGear cutting, heat treatment
Bushings/Bearings5mm to 150mm boreDimensional accuracy, surface finishTurning, boring, reaming
Custom ConnectorsApplication specificElectrical properties, fit tolerancesMulti-axis CNC machining

Performance in Service Environments

СредаУстойчивость к коррозииTemperature LimitSuitability RatingLimitations
Indoor AtmosphericПревосходно-40°C to +200°CПревосходноNone significant
Outdoor AtmosphericХороший-40°C to +150°CХорошийRegular maintenance recommended
Пресная водаХороший0°C to +80°CХорошийAvoid stagnant conditions
Marine (Seawater)БедныхН/ДНе рекомендуетсяUse naval brass instead
Industrial ChemicalsПеременнаяDepends on chemicalCase-by-case evaluationChemical compatibility testing required
High TemperatureХорошийUp to 200°C continuousХорошийOxidation resistance acceptable

Available Product Forms

Standard Product Forms and Dimensions

Форма продуктаДиапазон размеровСтандартные длиныTolerance ClassСостояние поверхности
Круглый стержень3mm – 350mm diameter1m, 2m, 3m, 4m, 6mh9, h11 (ISO 286)Bright drawn, centerless ground
Hexagonal Bar5mm – 150mm across flats1m, 2m, 3m, 4m±0.13mmBright drawn
Квадратный бар5mm – 100mm square1m, 2m, 3m, 4m±0.13mmBright drawn
Rectangular Bar3-60mm × 10-200mm1m, 2m, 3m, 4m±0.15mmCold drawn, mill finish
Hollow Bar (Tube)10-300mm OD, 2-250mm wall1m, 2m, 3m, 6m±0.20mmAs drawn, bright
ВОЕННЫЙ0.5mm – 15mm diameterCoils or cut lengths±0.05mmBright drawn

Dimensional Tolerances and Surface Finish

Diameter Range (mm)Standard Tolerance (mm)Precision Tolerance (mm)Surface Roughness (Ra μm)Straightness Tolerance
3-6±0.05±0,020.4-0,80.5mm/m
6-10±0.08±0.030.4-0,80.5mm/m
10-18±0.10±0.040.6-1.00.3mm/m
18-30±0.13±0.050.8-1.20.3mm/m
30-50±0.16±0.060.8-1.60.2mm/m
50-80±0.19±0.081.0-1.60.2mm/m
80-120±0.22±0.101,2-2,00.15mm/m
120-200±0.25±0.121.6-2.50.15mm/m

Standards and Specifications

International Standards Compliance

СтандартFull DesignationGeographic ScopeSpecification Coverage
ASTM B16/B16MFree-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar and ShapesNorth AmericaChemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions
EN 12164Copper and copper alloys – Rod for machining purposesЕвропаManufacturing requirements, tolerances, testing
ОН H3250Copper and copper alloy rods and barsЯпонияChemical composition, mechanical properties, inspection
ISO 426-2Wrought copper-zinc alloys – Chemical composition and formsМеждународныйDesignation system, chemical limits
BS EN 12163Copper and copper alloys – Rod for general purposesВеликобританияGeneral specifications, quality requirements
DIN 17660Copper-zinc alloys – Chemical composition and mechanical propertiesГерманияMaterial specifications, testing methods

Chemical Composition Limits by Standard

СтандартМедь (%)Zn (%)Pb (%)Fe (%)Другие элементы
ASTM B1660.0-63.0который представляет собой продукт из высококачественного алюминиевого сплава, изготовленный путем термообработки и предварительного растяжения.2.5-3.0≤0,35Ni ≤0.5%, others ≤0.5% total
EN 1216460.0-63.0который представляет собой продукт из высококачественного алюминиевого сплава, изготовленный путем термообработки и предварительного растяжения.2.5-3.0≤0,35Ni ≤0.5%, Al ≤0.05%
ОН H325060.0-63.0который представляет собой продукт из высококачественного алюминиевого сплава, изготовленный путем термообработки и предварительного растяжения.2.5-3.0≤0,35Similar to ASTM
ISO 426-260.0-63.0который представляет собой продукт из высококачественного алюминиевого сплава, изготовленный путем термообработки и предварительного растяжения.2.5-3.0≤0,35Harmonized with EN

Mechanical Property Requirements by Standard

СтандартПрочность на растяжение (МПа)Предел текучести (МПа)Удлинение (%)Твердость
ASTM B16 (O61)338-380124 min15 мин.50-70 Rb
ASTM B16 (H02)415-485275 мин.8 min75-90 Rb
EN 12164 (M)340-430140 min15 мин.60-85 HB
JIS H3250 (O)340-390130 min15 мин.60-80 HB

Heat Treatment and Processing

Heat Treatment Specifications

Treatment TypeТемпературный диапазон (°C)Time at TemperatureМетод охлажденияResulting Properties
Annealing (O61)425-6501-4 hoursВоздушный прохладныйSoft, maximum ductility
Формование и изгиб200-3001-2 часаВоздушный прохладныйReduced internal stress
Формование и изгиб700-7501 hourWater quenchHomogeneous structure
Process Annealing300-40030-60 минутВоздушный прохладныйPartial softening

Характеристики обработки

ПроцессFormability RatingTemperature RequirementsОсобые соображения
Холодная обработкаХорошийКомнатная температураWork hardening occurs, periodic annealing may be needed
Горячая работаПревосходно600-750°CBest formability, avoid overheating
Сваркавысокая проводимостьРазличныйLead vaporization concern, ventilation required
ПайкаХороший600-850°CCompatible with most brazing alloys
высокая проводимостьПревосходно180-250°CEasy to solder, good joint strength

Quality Control and Testing

Standard Test Methods

ИмуществоМетод испытанияSample SizeЧастотаКритерии приемки
Химический составXRF Spectroscopy (ASTM E1086)3 pieces per heatEvery heatWithin specification limits
Tensile PropertiesTensile Test (ASTM E8)2 specimens per lotPer production lotMeet standard requirements
ТвердостьRockwell B (ASTM E18)3 readings per pieceStatistical samplingWithin specified range
Точность размеровCoordinate Measuring (ASTM E1)100% or samplingНепрерывныйWithin tolerance
Качество поверхностиVisual Inspection (ASTM B250)100%НепрерывныйNo defects
МикроструктураMetallography (ASTM E3)1 per production runWeeklyUniform α+β structure

Defect Classification and Limits

Defect TypeClass A (Critical)Class B (Major)Class C (Minor)Detection Method
Химический составOut of specificationNear limits-Spectroscopic analysis
Dimensional Variation>2× tolerance>1.5× tolerance>toleranceDimensional measurement
Surface DefectsCracks, deep scratchesShallow scratchesLight marksVisual inspection
Hardness Deviation>±10 points>±5 pointsWithin ±5 pointsHardness testing
Internal DefectsVoids, inclusionsMinor porosity-Ультразвуковой контроль

Соображения по охране окружающей среды и безопасности

Material Safety Information

Hazard CategoryRisk LevelPrimary ConcernSafety Measures
Lead ContentУмеренныйIngestion, inhalation of dust/fumesUse ventilation, avoid machining dust inhalation
Machining OperationsНизкийMetal dust generationStandard machine shop practices
Welding/BrazingУмеренныйLead fume generationAdequate ventilation, respiratory protection
Fire HazardОчень низкийNon-combustible metalStandard fire precautions
EnvironmentalУмеренныйLead content requires proper disposalFollow local regulations for metal waste

Recycling and Disposal

АспектТребованиеCompliance Method
Material IdentificationLead content declarationMaterial certification documentation
Scrap SegregationSeparate leaded brass collectionDesignated scrap containers
Recycling ProcessSpecialized brass recyclingCertified metal recyclers
Waste DisposalHazardous waste classificationLicensed waste disposal services
ДокументацияChain of custody recordsMaterial tracking systems

This technical specification provides comprehensive information about C36000 Free Cutting Brass for engineering and manufacturing applications.